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tin iv sulfide is an important raw material for the production of high purity tin oxide (SnO2), tin bronze and tin pigments. It is also an interesting p-type semiconductor for next generation thin film solar cells, since it has a band gap comparable with silicon and is easy to handle. It is produced from cheap, earth-abundant elements and is nontoxic. It can be used for imitation gold plating and as a pigment, and it has a potential to replace cadmium telluride and copper indium gallium selenide as the absorber layer in lithium ion electronic batteries due to its superior reversible capacity of 644 mAh/g.
Currently, tin disulfide is prepared either thermally from tin(II) and sulfur or wet chemically by precipitation of a tin salt. Both processes require complex raw materials and a complicated industrial process. This invention teaches an economic method for producing pure, homogeneous tin iv sulfide by a simple thermal reaction with tin(II) oxalate and sulfur powder. The resulting SnS2 is obtained in the form of yellow, fine and homogeneous powder.
The tin sulfide crystallizes in the cadmium iodide motif, with tin(IV) in “octahedral holes” defined by six sulfur atoms. It occurs naturally as the rare mineral berndtite. It is used as an alloying agent in metallurgy and as a coating in the manufacture of decorative paints. It is also an important anode active material for lithium ion batteries, since it has a reversible capacity of 644 mA/g, which is more than one and a half times that of graphite.
