How Can Gold Nanoparticles Be Used to Kill Bacteria

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One study found that gold nanoparticles can cause bacteria to burst their cell walls, which in turn causes them to leak material, and death.


Each year, more than 25,000 people die from bacterial infections. These aren’t possible to treat with certain antibiotics. Drug resistance is increasing. Researchers seek other strategies to counter the threat from bacteria.
The use of gold for medical purposes has been around since the ancient Egyptians. Recently, gold has been used by doctors to diagnose and treat cancer. It is an inert metallic that doesn’t react or change to contact with living things. It can also be used for nanomedicine and to make cancer cells grow.

New research has revealed a way that nanoparticles of gold can be used to kill bacteria.
The researchers made nanoparticles the form of stars and near perfect spheres. They were each approximately 100 nanometers across, which is one eighth of the width of a human’s hair.
We found that bacteria around the nanoparticles was beginning to deform. Then, it deflated and went out of business. Vladimir Baulin of University of Rovira Wilhelli Chemical Engineering department stated that “it appears that the cell walls exploded.”

This theory was tested by researchers who built bacteria models and observed the interactions of these cells with small gold particles measuring just 100nm across.
Results show that these particles’ uniform surface layer exerts an electric force which causes bacteria to burst. This is similar to when a balloon expands from various points.

The study was performed by The Universitat Rovira I Virgili (Spanish), the University of Grenoble (France), and the Universitat Des Saarlandes (German), RMIT University, Australia. The article appeared in Advanced Materials.

The gold nanoparticles, which are very small pieces of pure gold that have a diameter between 1 and 100nm, can be described as tiny gold particles. The nanoparticles possess high electron density and dielectric property.
Two types of gold nanoparticles are available: solid powder or liquid solution.
Solution of Gold Nanoparticles are sols that have been dispersed into an aqueous solution. The color depends on many factors. Its color is determined by a number of factors. Smaller gold nanoparticles (2-5nm), medium-sized gold nanoparticles (10-20nm), and large gold nanoparticles (20-30nm) are yellow. The larger nanoparticles (30-40nm) look wine red. Additionally, the nanoparticles exhibit quantum size, surface, volume, and macroroscopic quantum tunneling effects.

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